Methodology & Sources
How we source, verify, and report
Primary sourcing from Indian government institutions, cross-referenced with SATP, IDSA, and international conflict datasets.

Primary institutional sources

Our primary data layer draws from the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) Annual Reports, Ministry of Defence press releases, NIA chargesheet records, and the South Asia Terrorism Portal (SATP) incident database. Indian government data is treated as the authoritative baseline for incidents on Indian soil.

Cross-verification

Indian institutional data is cross-referenced with ACLED, UCDP, and OSINT feeds. For incidents in Pakistan, Bangladesh, and the neighbourhood, we draw from SATP, local media reporting, and ISPR/DGFI statements — noting their institutional limitations and treating them as secondary sources.

Confidence tagging

All events carry a visible confidence tag: Confirmed (institutional or multi-source verified), Disputed (conflicting accounts unresolved), or Alleged (single-source, awaiting corroboration). Indian MoD/MHA-sourced events carry a baseline "Confirmed" tag.

India's strategic context

Analysis contextualises security events within South Asia's broader strategic environment. Cross-border terrorism, proxy warfare, and neighbourhood instability are evaluated through their impact on regional security, civilian populations, and economic stability.

Dataset integration

Supplementary data from ACLED (real-time event tracking), UCDP (battle-death estimates), SATP (South Asia-specific terrorism database), and IDSA research papers. Each dataset's methodological caveats are disclosed.

Open corrections ledger

When errors occur, they are corrected with the original context preserved. Corrections are noted inline alongside the updated content. We aim to meet the standards of the Press Council of India and the Editors Guild.

01

Institutional record

Official data from MHA, MoD, NIA, and Indian Armed Forces. Pakistan ISPR and DGFI statements are included where relevant, with source origin clearly labelled.

02

Verified events

Incidents cross-confirmed through Indian institutional sources, SATP database, and supplementary OSINT verification including geolocated imagery.

03

Strategic analysis

Contextual interpretation framing events within India's security doctrine. Draws on IDSA research, former R&AW/IB officer commentary, and defence policy papers.

South Asia security, sourced and tracked

Weekly briefs, real-time incident tracking, and sourced dossiers on active security threats across India and the neighbourhood.

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